اثر آب دودگياه دارويي بومادران (Achillea millefolium) بر القاي خواب بذر گياه جودره (Hordeum Spontaneum )

The Effect of smoke water of common yarrow(Achillea millefolium) on dormancy Induction in wild barley (Hordeum Spontaneum)

ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در دود ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ، واﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوﺗﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮐﻪ در ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎي ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ، ﮐﻤﺘﺮ اﺛﺮ دود ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن، ﺑﺮ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ ﺑﺬور ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز، ﻣﻮردﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. دراﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﺎﺛﺮ آب دود ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﻮﻣﺎدران در ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ي رﺷﺪي ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯿﺒﺬر ﺟﻮدره ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﯾﮏ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ي ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﻔﺖ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 0، 8، 17، 25، 33، 50 و 75 درﺻﺪ آب دود و ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ رﺷﺪي روﯾﺸﯽ، ﮔﻞ دﻫﯽ و رﺳﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري را ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ آب دود ﺑﺮاي درﺻﺪ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ روزاﻧﻪ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد.ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪﮔﯽ در ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ روﯾﺸﯽ و ﮔﻞ دﻫﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ رﺳﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﻮد.در ﺑﯿﻦ ﻏﻠﻈﺘﻬﺎ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪﮔﯽ در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 75 درﺻﺪ در ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ رﺳﯿﺪﮔﯽ و روﯾﺸﯽ و در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي 25 ﺗﺎ 75 درﺻﺪ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ي ﮔﻞ دﻫﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ.ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ ﺑﺬر ﺟﻮدرﻫﺎﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺮ اﻟﻘﺎي ﺧﻮاب، در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ي رﺳﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ.

Different plants usually respond differently to smoke compounds of plants. Since in most previous studies, a little researches have been done on the effect of smoke water extracted from different growth stages on weed germination characteristics. This study investigated the effect of common yarrow smoke water in three growth stages on some germination charactristics of wild barley in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replications. The experimental factors were seven concentrations of of smoke water (0, 8, 17, 25, 33, 50 and 75 percent) and threegrowth stages of vegetative, flowering and maturity. The results showed that there were significant differences between different smoke water concentrations on final germination percentage and mean day of germination.Whereas the inhibitory effect at vegetative and flowering stages was more than that of ripening stage.Among the concentrations, the highest inhibitory effects were observedat 75% concentration in vegetative and ripening as well as 25 to 75 percentages in flowering stage. The results indicated that by increasing smoke water concentrations, the inhibitory effects were enhanced and the lowest effect on dormancy induction was observed on ripening stage.