ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺟﻮ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي آزوﺳﭙﯿﺮﯾﻠﻮم و ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻗﻄﻊ آﺑﯿﺎري ﭘﺲ از ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ

Chlorophyll Content of Barley as Affected by Azospirillum Bacteria and Crop Residue under Cutting of Irrigation after anthesis

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺟﻮ ).Hordeum vulgare L ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗـﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻨـﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺨﻠـﻒ ﻧﯿﺘـﺮوژن و ﺑﻘﺎﯾـﺎي ﮔﯿـﺎﻫﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻗﻄﻊ آﺑﯿﺎري ﭘﺲ از ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ، اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ اﮔﺮواﮐﻮﻟﻮژي داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌـﯽ داراب داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﯿﺮاز اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﭙﻠﯿﺖ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﺳـﺎل زراﻋـﯽ 1396-97 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ: دو ﺳﻄﺢ آﺑﯿﺎري ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﯽ ]1- ﻣﻄﻠﻮب: آﺑﯿﺎري ﺑـﺮ اﺳـﺎس ﻧﯿـﺎز آﺑﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺗﺎ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ رﺳﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و 2- ﺗﻨﺶ آﺑﯽ: آﺑﯿﺎري ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﯿﺎز آﺑﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺗﺎ اﻧﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ي ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ )ﻗﻄﻊ آﺑﯿـﺎري ﭘﺲ از ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ([ ﺑﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﻋﺎﻣﻞﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ دو ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﻘﺎﯾـﺎي ﮔﯿـﺎﻫﯽ ]1- ﺣـﺬف ﺑﻘﺎﯾـﺎ و 2- ﺑﺮﮔﺮداﻧـﺪن 30 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻘﺎﯾﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ )ﮐﺎه ﮔﻨﺪم( ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎك[ و ﭼﻬﺎر ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮐﻮدي ]1- ﺷﺎﻫﺪ: ﺻﻔﺮ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ ﻫﮑﺘـﺎر ، 2- ﮐـﻮد ﻧﯿﺘـﺮوژن ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد 100 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ ﻫﮑﺘﺎر 3- ﮐﻮد ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ: اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ از ﺑـﺎﮐﺘﺮي آزوﺳـﭙﯿﺮﯾﻠﻮم )Azospirillum brasilense( و ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار 50 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ ﻫﮑﺘﺎر و 4- ﮐﻮد زﯾﺴﺘﯽ: ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي آزوﺳﭙﯿﺮﯾﻠﻮم([ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ ﺑﺮگ ﭘﺮﭼﻢ در ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل 1 درﺻﺪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐـﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ ﺑﺮگ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘـﺪار ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿـﻞ ﻣﺮﺑـﻮط ﺑـﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﮐﻮد ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن و ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد.

In order to study of nitrogen fertilizer source, crop residue and deficit irrigation on chlorophyll content of barley crop at different phonological stages, this research was conducted at the experimental farm of the Darab Agricultural College of Shiraz University. A split factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replicates were carried out in 2017 - 2018 growing season. Treatments included: two levels of irrigation as the main plots [normal irrigation (IRN): irrigation based on the plant's water requirement up to the physiological maturity and another factor was deficit irrigation (IRDI): irrigation based on the plant's water requirement up to the anthesis stage (cutting of irrigation after anthesis)]. Also, sub plots were two levels of crop residues [1. without residue, 2. returning 30% of wheat residues to soil] and four fertilizer sources [N0, no nitrogen fertilizer (control); N100, 100 kg N ha-1; Bio + N50, Biofertilizer (Azospirillum brasilense) + 50 kg N ha-1 and Bio, Biofertilizer (Azospirillum brasilense)]. Results showed that the chlorophyll content was significantly affected by application of different nitrogen fertilizer sources at 1% level of probability. All nitrogen sources increased leaf chlorophyll content at anthesis, milking and soft dough stages. However, the highest increament was belonged to the N100 and Bio + N50 and the lowest amount of chlorophyll was in the N0.