اﺛﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪ ﮐﺎﺳﻨﯽ Cichorium intybus L

Effect of Sowing Data and Nitrogen Fertilizers on Forge Yield and Quality of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L

ﻋــﻼوه ﺑــﺮ ﻣــﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺻــﺤﯿﺢ ﮐﻮدي، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﮐﺎﺳـﻨﯽ ).Cichorium intybus L( ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﻧﯿـﺰ ﻗـﺮار ﻣـﯽ ﮔﯿـﺮد. اﺛﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﮐﺎﺳﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺠـﺎم، آزﻣﺎﯾـﺸﯽ ﻣﺰرﻋـﻪ اي ﺑـﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑـﺮار در ﺳﺎل 96 – 1395 در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮرت ﮐـﺮت ﻫـﺎي ﺧـﺮد ﺷـﺪه در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ در آن ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ )اول آﺑﺎن، 15 آﺑﺎن، اول آذر و 15 آذر( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮐﺮت اﺻﻠﯽ و ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن )ﺻﻔﺮ )ﻋﺪم ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد(، 75، 150، 225 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮐﺮت ﻓﺮﻋﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧ.ﺪ اﺛﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﮐﺮﺑﻮﻫﯿﺪارت ﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻠﻮل در آب، ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻫﻀﻢ ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﮏ، ﻣﯿﺰان اﻟﯿﺎف ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﺷﻮﯾﻨﺪه ﺧﻨﺜﯽ و اﻧﺮژي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻫﻀﻢ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺷﺪ. ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﻧﯿﺰ اﺛﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ درﺻﺪ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﺧﺎم، ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻫﻀﻢ ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﮏ، اﻟﯿﺎف ﻣﺤﻠﻮل در ﺷﻮﯾﻨﺪه اﺳﯿﺪي و اﻟﯿﺎف ﻣﺤﻠﻮل در ﺷﻮﯾﻨﺪه ﺧﻨﺜﯽ داﺷ.ﺖ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﻫﺎي دﯾﺮﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﮔﯿﺎه از ﻧﻈﺮ اﮐﺜﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﻬﺘﺮي را اﯾﺠﺎد ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ اﺳﺎس ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ اواﯾﻞ ﺗﺎ اواﺳﻂ آذر ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﻮد ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ 150 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر را ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺸﺖ ﮐﺎﺳﻨﯽ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اﻫﻮاز ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻧﻤﻮد.

In addition to proper fertilizer management, yield and Chichory (Cichorium intybus L.) quality indices are influenced by sowing date. The effect of sowing date and nitrogen fertilizer on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Chichory was investigated by field experiment with three replicates in Khuzestan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Research Field, during growing season of 2016 – 2016. The experiment was conducted in the form of split plots in a randomized complete block design with four sowing dates (first of Aban, 15 Aban, first of Azar and 15 Azar) as main plot and four nitrogen levels (zero (no use), 75, 150, 225 kg / ha) were considered as subplot. The effect of sowing date on water soluble carbohydrate traits (WSC), dry matter digestibility (DMD), neutral detergent fiber content (NDF) and digestible energy (DE) were significant. Nitrogen fertilizer also had significant effect on traits such as fresh and dry weight of aerial part, potassium and phosphorus content, crude protein percentage (Cp), dry matter digestibility, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber. Nitrogen application increased to a certain extent fresh and dry weight of plant. In this study, late planting date led to better conditions for most characteristics. Accordingly, first till 15 Azar sowing date with 150 kg ha-1 fertilizer is the best treatment for chicory cultivation in Ahvaz.