اﺛﺮ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز در ﺗﻮده ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﻟﻮﺑﯿﺎ ﭘﺎچ ﺑﺎﻗﻼ رﮔﻪ ﻣﺸﮕﯽ

Effect of crop density and weed management in bean landraces (Phaseolus vulgaris)

در اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ ردﯾﻒ 30 و 45 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ، ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻋﻠﻒ ﮐﺶ ﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺶ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺗﺮي ﻓﻠﻮراﻟﯿﻦ ﯾﺎ ﭘﯿﺶ روﯾﺸﯽ ﭘﻨﺪيﻣﺘﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﭘﺲ روﯾﺸﯽ اﯾﻤﺎزﺗﺎﭘﯿﺮ ﯾﺎ ﯾﮑﺒﺎر وﺟﯿﻦ دﺳﺘﯽ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻋﺎري از ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺮز )وﺟﯿﻦ دﺳﺘﯽ ﻃﯽ ﻓﺼﻞ رﺷ(ﺪ و آﻟﻮده ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺮز ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮﯾﮏ از ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻟﻮﺑﯿﺎ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ردﯾﻒ 30 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و داﻧﻪ ﻟﻮﺑﯿﺎ ﺑﻬﻄﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ردﯾﻒ 45 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﭘﺲ روﯾﺸﯽ ﻋﻠﻔﮑﺶ اﯾﻤﺎزﺗﺎﭘﯿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮﯾﮏ از ﻋﻠﻒ ﮐﺶ ﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺶ روﯾﺸﯽ ﺗﺮي ﻓﻠﻮراﻟﯿﻦ و ﭘﻨﺪي ﻣﺘﺎﻟﯿﻦ اﺛﺮ ﺑﻬﺘﺮي در ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻟﻮﺑﯿﺎ در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ردﯾﻒ 30 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ داﺷﺘﺪ؛ درﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ردﯾﻒ 45 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻋﻠﻒ ﮐﺶ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﺎ وﺟﯿﻦ دﺳﺘﯽ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و داﻧﻪ ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ.

In this experiment, factorial arrangements of row spacing of 30 and 45 cm, with application of trifluralin as a pre-planting or pendimethalin as a pre-emergence herbicide plus post-emergence application of imazethapyr or one-time hand weeding, and also weed-free (whole season hand weeding) and weed infested treatments for each of the bean densities, were evaluated in a randomized complete-block design with three replications. Results indicated that biological and grain yield were significantly higher in 30-cm rather than 45-cm row spacing. In 30-cm row spacing, post-emergence application of imazethapyr along with each pre-plant or pre-emergence herbicide of trifluralin or pendimethalin resulted in greater bean yield; while herbicide applications were not significantly different from whole season hand weeding in row spacing of 45-cm.