اﺛﺮ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ واﮐﻨﺶ رﺷﺪ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺟﺬب ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن رازﯾﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ

Effect of nitrogen application on response of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) growth, yield and N absorption to different levels of sowing density

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ و ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رازﯾﺎﻧﻪ Foeniculum vulgare Mill آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ در داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ )14 ،8 و 20 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ( و ﺳﻄﻮح ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن )ﺻﻔﺮ، 120 ،60 و 180 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ي اﺛﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺮ اﮐﺜﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺳﺒﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ، ﻣﺎده ي ﺧﺸﮏ و اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﮔﺮدﯾ. ﺪ ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﻮﺗﻪ و ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن از ﺧﺎك ﻧﯿﺰ در اﺛﺮ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺗﺎ 180 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ي ﺗﺪاوم ﺟﺬب اﯾﻦ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑ.ﻮد ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺣﺎل ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻇﺎﻫﺮي ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓ.ﺖ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﺳﺒﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻇﺎﻫﺮي ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ي اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﮐﺎرآﯾﯽ ﺟﺬب ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن در ﺳﻄﻮح ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در واﺣﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑ.ﻮد در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻇﺎﻫﺮي ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن در ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ 20 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ و ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن 60 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ.

In order to investigate the effect of plant density and nitrogen on fennel yield, an experiment was conducted in Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. In the study, plant density levels (8, 14 and 20 plant/m2) and nitrogen levels (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg/ha) was investigated. The results showed significant effect of experimental factors on most of measured characteristics. On that basis, increase of nitrogen fertilizer caused to significant increase of all yield components, dry matter and essence content and yield. Plant N content and uptake from the soil also were increased significantly by the rate of 180 kg N/ha, that was an indicator to continuous absorption of N by the plant. However, apparent N recovery was increased by increasing the N levels. Effect of plant density on all of yield components except of grain number per umbel, was significant. However, increase of plant density caused to decreased branches and plant N content. On the other hand, increase of density result in higher apparent N recovery. Generally, highest grain and essence yield (respectively 2744 and 82 kg/ha) was produced by application of nitrogen in the rate of 180 kg/ha in density of 14 plant/ha.