ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ زﻧﮓ ﺑﺮگ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ اي در ﮔﯿﺎه Aegilops triuncialis

Evaluation of Seedling Leaf Rust Resistance in Aegilops triuncialis

آﺟﯿﻠﻮﭘﺲ از ﺧﻮﯾﺸﺎوﻧﺪان وﺣﺸﯽ ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽ آﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي ازآن در اﯾﺮان وﺟﻮد دارد و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪي ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨ.ﺪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري زﻧﮓ ﺑﺮگ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ آن ﻗﺎرچ Puccinia triticina f. sp. tritici ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻫﺎي ﮔﻨﺪم در دﻧﯿﺎ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺆﺛﺮﺗﺮﯾﻦ روش ﮐﻨﺘﺮل آن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ارﻗﺎم ﻣﻘﺎوم اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦﮐﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﺟﻬﺶ ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﺪ و ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻦ ژنﻫﺎي ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد، ﻫﻤﻮاره ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ژﻧﯽ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ را ﺑﺮاي ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻦ ژن ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﺮد. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر 34 ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ Ae. triuncialis در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪاي ﺑﺎ 7 ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ ﻣﺎﯾﻪ زﻧﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﯾﺎداﺷﺖ ﺑﺮداري ﺑﻪ روش 4-0 ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﻫﺎي 169 ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻘﺎوم و 689 ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﺣﺴﺎس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽ-ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﻨﮋادي ﮔﻨﺪم اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.

The Aegilops species, close wild relatives of wheat found abundantly in Iran, are valuable genetic resources for resistance to disease. Leaf (brown) rust caused by Puccinia triticina f. sp.tritici is one of the most important wheat diseases worldwide and the best strategy to control it, is genetic resistance. The causing agent always mutates and causes the resistance genes ineffective. Therefore, it is necessary to find new sources of resistance genes. For this purpose, 34 genotypes of Ae. triuncialis were inoculated with seven isolates at the seedling stage and the infection types were recorded. Based on the results, two genotype were selected as resistant (169) and susceptible (689) which can be used for genetic analysis and wheat breeding programs.