ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ در ﺗﻨﺶ ﮔﺮﻣﺎي اﻧﺘﻬﺎي ﻓﺼﻞ در ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي ﮔﻨﺪم ﻧﺎن در ﻣﻐﺎن

Evaluation of yield and Morphological traits in late season heat stress in bread wheat genotypes in Moghan

ﮔﻨﺪم ).Triticum aestivum L.( ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه زراﻋﯽ روي زﻣﯿﻦ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻋﻤﺪة ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﮐﺎﻟﺮي و ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﮐﺸﻮر اﺳﺖ، ﺑﻪﻃﻮريﮐﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﯽ از ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ و 65 درﺻﺪ ﮐﺎﻟﺮي درﯾﺎﻓﺘﯽ روزاﻧﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺮد را ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽدﻫ.ﺪ ﺟﻬﺖ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ارﻗﺎم ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮔﻨﺪم ﻧﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﮔﺮﻣﺎي اﻧﺘﻬﺎي ﻓﺼﻞ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻣﺰرﻋﻪاي در ﻃﯽ ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي زراﻋﯽ 97-98 در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻐﺎن اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾ.ﺪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﺮتﻫﺎي ﺧﺮد ﺷﺪه )اﺳﭙﻠﯿﺖ ﭘﻼت( در ﺳﻪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار و 16 ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﮔﻨﺪم اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ در ﻧﻮع ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ در ﺗﻤﺎم ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ داراي اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﻫﻢ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل و ﻫﻢ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﺷﻤﺎره 1 اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ داراي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺑﻮد و در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﮐﻠﯽ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي ﺷﻤﺎره 7، 8، 12 ، 15 ،3 و 1 داراي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﮔﺮﻣﺎي اﻧﺘﻬﺎي ﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important crop on earth and is the major source of calories and protein making up half of the protein and 65% of the daily calorie intake needed for the population of the country. In order to evaluate different varieties of bread wheat to end-of-season heat stress, a field experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Research Station of Moghan College of Agriculture during 1997-98. The experiment was conducted in split plot at three planting dates with three replications and 16 advanced wheat genotypes. Analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between genotypes on planting date on all traits evaluated. The highest grain yield belonged to genotype 1in both normal and stress conditions with the highest mean and genotypes No. 7, 8, 12, 3, 15 and 1 had the highest average traits evaluated under conditions. End-of-season heat stress was observed.