شماره ركورد كنفرانس :
5090
عنوان مقاله :
رﻫﯿﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺘﯽ اﺻﻼح و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ارﻗﺎم ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ اﻗﻠﯿﻢ
عنوان به زبان ديگر :
Approaches of Participatory Plant Breeding and Variety Selection in line with Confronting of Climate Change
پديدآورندگان :
ﻣﺤﻤﻮدي ﻣﺮﯾﻢ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزي - ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت اﺻﻼح و ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﻧﻬﺎل و ﺑﺬر، ﮐﺮج، اﯾﺮان
كليدواژه :
اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺘﯽ , ﺑﻪﻧﮋادي ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺘﯽ , ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ اﻗﻠﯿﻢ
عنوان كنفرانس :
شانزدهمين كنگره ملي علوم زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ايران
زبان كنفرانس :
فارسي-انگليسي
چكيده فارسي :
ﺗﺤﻮﻻت اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ-اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺳﺮﯾﻊ آب و ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ، ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد را ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﮐﺸﯿﺪه اﺳﺖ. ارﻗﺎﻣﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ روشﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺎرف ﺑﻪﻧﮋادي ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﺑﺮاي رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ از ﻧﻬﺎدهﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺎز دارﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري ﭼﻨﺪاﻧﯽ ﻧﺪارد. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﻄﻠﻮب در ﻫﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ ارﻗﺎﻣﯽ ﻧﯿﺎز اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺧﺎص ﻫﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎر ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﯾﻦ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري و ﺗﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ-اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ-زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ را ﻧﯿﺰ دﺧﯿﻞ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. اراﺋﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻗﺒﯿﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداران در ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ارﻗﺎم ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻃﯽ ﺳﻪ دﻫﻪ اﺧﯿﺮ رﻫﯿﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺘﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﻪﻧﮋادي ارﻗﺎم ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ در ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺟﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از اﯾﻦ روشﻫﺎ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
Rapid climate and socio-economic changes have challenged existing agricultural research and
development capacity. Varieties introduced by conventional breeding methods often require a high
level of inputs to achieve maximum yield which are not so compatible with the current climate and
economic conditions. To achieve optimum yield of crop in each region, varieties are required to be
consistent with the specific conditions of each region. Therefore, incorporating information on local
socio-economic well as environmental conditions in the region is the most appropriate strategies to
adapt to these changes. Providing such information will be achieved through the participation of
producers in the process of selecting and introducing plant varieties in each region. Given this,
participatory approaches have been applied in different countries over the last three decades and some
successes have been achieved. This article briefly reviews some of these participatory plant breeding
and variety selection methods.