اﺛﺮ ورﻣﯽ ﮐﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﮔﻨﺪم و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺧﺎك در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﮔﺮﻣﺎي آﺧﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ

Effect of Vermicompost on Some Physiological Traits of Wheat and Soil Qualitative Characteristics in End-Season Heat Stress Conditions

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺗﻨﺶ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ و ﺳﻄﻮح ورﻣﯽ ﮐﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﮔﻨﺪم و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺧﺎك، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﭙﯿﻠﺖ ﭘﻼت در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ )اول آذر، 20 آذر و ﯾﮏ دي( و ﺳﻄﻮح ورﻣﯽ ﮐﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ )ﺻﻔﺮ، ﭘﻨﺞ، 10، 15و 20 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺛﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻧﺴﺒﯽ آب ﺑﺮگ و ﺛﺒﺎت دﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﻏﺸﺎي ﺳﻠﻮل ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺷﺪ و اﺛﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح ورﻣﯽ ﮐﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻧﺴﺒﯽ آب ﺑﺮگ، ﺛﺒﺎت دﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﻏﺸﺎي ﺳﻠﻮل و درﺻﺪ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن و ﻣﺎده آﻟﯽ ﺧﺎك ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺑﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ورﻣﯽ ﮐﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺖ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻧﺴﺒﯽ آب ﺑﺮگ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻧﺴﺒﯽ آب ﺑﺮگ و ﺛﺒﺎت دﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﻏﺸﺎي ﺳﻠﻮل در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ اول ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺻﻔﺎت درﺻﺪ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن و ﻣﺎده آﻟﯽ ﺧﺎك در ﻣﺼﺮف 20 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ورﻣﯽ ﮐﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ.

In order to investigate the effect of cultivation date and vermicompost levels on some physiological characteristics of wheat and qualitative characteristics of soil, an experiment of split plot in form of basic design of a randomized complete block with four replications was conducted. The experimental factors included three cultivation dates (Azar 1st, Azar 20th and Day 1st) and vermicompost levels (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 t/ha). Variance analysis showed that the effect of cultivation date on relative content quality of leaf water and temperature stability of cell membrane was significant. Also, the effect of vermicompost levels on relative content quality of leaf water, temperature stability of cell membrane and nitrogen percentage and organic material of soil was significant. Moreover, the reciprocal effect of cultivation date and vermicompost was only significant on relative content quality of leaf water. Mean comparison showed that the highest values of relative content quality of leaf water and temperature stability of cell membrane were obtained at the first cultivation date. Furthermore, the highest values of nitrogen percentage and organic material of soil were obtained at 20 ton/ha vermicompost.