ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺷﮑﺮﺳﻔﯿﺪ ﻓﺎﻣﯿﻞ ﻫﺎي ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺮي ﺧﻮش ﻓﺮم ( ﺻﺎف و ﮔﺮد) در ﭼﻐﻨﺪرﻗﻨﺪ

Comparison of the white sugar yield of sugar beet(uniform root) half-sib families

ﺑﯿﻤﺎري رﯾﺰوﻣﺎﻧﯿﺎ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺨﺮب ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻫﺎي ﭼﻐﻨﺪر ﻗﻨﺪ در ﺟﻬﺎن اﺳﺖ و ﺧﺴﺎرت ﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل وارد ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﻮاره ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻘﺎوم ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري رﯾﺰوﻣﺎﻧﯿﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻋﯿﺎرﻗﻨﺪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اﻫﺪاف ﻣﻬﻢ اﺻﻼﺣﯽ در ﭼﻐﻨﺪرﻗﻨﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻪ ﻧﮋادﮔﺮان ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻓﺎﻣﯿﻞ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﭘﺮوژه اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ژن ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ رﯾﺰوﻣﺎﻧﯿﺎ از ﻻﯾﻦ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻘﺎوم ﺑﻪ رﯾﺰوﻣﺎﻧﯿﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮده اﻓﺸﺎن ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺷﮑﻞ رﯾﺸﻪ ﺻﺎف و ﮔﺮد از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﻏﺮﺑﺎل ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، در ﺑﻬﺎر ﺳﺎل 1397 ﺗﻌﺪاد 47 ﻓﺎﻣﯿﻞ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺮي در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﺎت ﮐﺮج ﮐﺸﺖ ﺷﺪ. ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ داﺷﺖ ﻃﺒﻖ زﻣﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم و در ﭘﺎﯾﯿﺰ ﻫﻤﺎن ﺳﺎل اﻗﺪام ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ رﯾﺸﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺷﺪ. در ﺣﯿﻦ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﻧﻤﺮه دﻫﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺎﻣﯿﻞ ﻫﺎ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﺮم رﯾﺸﻪ و ﻣﯿﺰان آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺧﻤﯿﺮ ﺑﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي ﻗﻨﺪ ارﺳﺎل و ﻋﯿﺎر ﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﻓﺎﻣﯿﻞ ﻫﺎ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻇﺎﻫﺮي رﯾﺸﻪ، ﺻﻔﺎت ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﮔﺮوه ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻓﺎﻣﯿﻞ ﻫﺎي 960146، 960264، 960185، 960331، 960198، 960319 و 960177 ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻓﺎﻣﯿﻞ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﺗﺮ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﺮم ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ.

Rhizomania is one of the most destructive diseases of sugar beet in the world and it causes a lot of economic damage to this crop. Developing of rhizomania-resistant hybrids with desirable sugar content has always been one of the main breeding goals of sugar beet for breeders. In this project, we tried to screen families of rhizomania-resistant obtained by gene transfer from rhizomania resistant lines to pollinators with smooth and round root shape for qualitative traits. To this end, in the spring of 2018, 47 half-sib families were cultivated in the Karaj experiment program. All agronomic procedures were carried out on time and in the autumn of that year, roots were harvested. During harvest, families were scored in terms of root form and contamination rate and samples were sent to the Sugar Technology Laboratory for pulp preparation. Finally, families were identified and grouped for root traits, quantitative and qualitative traits and high grade average. Families 960146, 960264, 960185, 960331, 960198, 960319 and 960177 (appropriate root form) were selected as the superior family.