ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺻﻔﺎت رﺷﺪ و درﺻﺪ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ Satureja hortensis L ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري

Studying Growth Characteristics Changes and Essential Oil Percentages of Satureja hortensis L. Medicinal Plant under Salt Stress

ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﺸﮏ ﺟﻬﺎن ﺑﺎ ﮐﻤﺒﻮد ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب و زﻣﯿﻦﻫﺎي ﺷﻮر ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﯾﮑﯽ از روشﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ، ﮐﺸﺖ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﺮزه ).Satureja hortensis L ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﯾﮑﺴﺎﻟﻪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ و داروﯾﯽ ﮐﺸﺖ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺟﻬﺖ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺷﻮري ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت رﺷﺪو درﺻﺪ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﺮزه، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ 3 ﺗﮑﺮار اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﺷﻮري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﻮري )ﺻﻔﺮ )ﺷﺎﻫﺪ(، ،25 50و 75 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر ﻧﻤﮏ Nacl ﺑﻮد. ﭘﺲ از ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎه و اﻋﻤﺎل ﺗﻨﺶﻫﺎي ﺷﻮري، ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت رﺷﺪ و درﺻﺪ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﺲ از آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ دادهﻫﺎ، ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺻﻔﺎت اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﺪه ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري، وزن ﺗﺮ اﻧﺪام ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ، ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ )0/01

Arid regions of the world encounter with water resources deficiency and salty lands. One of methods for utilization of these lands is medicinal plants cultivation. Satureja hortensis L. is an annual plant which is cultivated with edible and medicinal purposes. In order to investigate the effect of salt stress on growth characteristics and essential oil percentage of Satureja hortensis plant, an experiment was carried based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Different levels of salt stress were (control (0), 25, 50, 75 mM of NaCl. After seeds of plant cultivation and application of different stresses, some growth characteristics and essential oil percentages were measured. After data analysis, the results showed that all of measured characteristics, except the number of secondary stems, were significantly under the effect of treatments application. Aerial fresh weight, height of plant (p<0.01), root fresh weight and number of leaves (p<0.05) decreased significantly, with increasing salt stress. The length of root and essential oil percentage parameters increased with applying moderate salt stress (25 mM) and they decreased, with increasing salt stress (p<0.05). According to the results, it can be concluded that cultivating Satureja hortensis plant under the effect of moderate salt stress (25 mM) is practical due to the essential oil yield and it can be economically useful.