Electrochemical methods for nitrate ion measurements in food :a review

Many substances are incorporated into foods for functional purposes, and in many cases these ingredients also can be found occurring naturally in some food. However, when they are used in processed foods, these chemicals have become known as “food additives” . Nitrate is mainly used as a fertilizer in agriculture, and because of its high solubility in water, it can create biological problems in the environment. High usage of nitrite in the food industry as a preservative, flavor enhancer, antioxidant, and color stabilizing agent can cause human exposure to this toxic compound. Therefore the researcher applied different methods to remove the Nitrite and nitrate in humans. Nitrate is converted to nitrite and nitrosamine compounds in the human stomach, which can lead to bladder cancer. In this review, we discuss valid methods of nitrate and nitrite identification and removal in foods by electrochemical methods.