مروري بر اهميت و جايگاه جو ايمني (Safety Climate)، فرهنگ ايمني (Safety Culture) و مولفه هاي فرهنگ ايمني

An overview of the importance and place of safety climate, safety culture and components of safety culture

فرهنگ ايمني و جو ايمني از مفاهيمي هستند كه توجهات تعداد بسياري از پژوهشگران و كارشناسان ايمني در صنايع را به خود جلب كرده اند، زيرا فرهنگ ايمني و جو ايمني مناسب از مهم ترين عوامل دستيابي به محيط كار ايمن به شمار رفته و در سازماني كه داراي فرهنگ ايمني و جو ايمني مناسب باشد، ايمني در فعاليت هاي شغلي و شرايط ايمن فرآيندها و تجهيزات هدف اصلي همه كاركنان است. تهيه و ابلاغ دستورالعمل، روش و رويه هاي ايمني به تنهايي كافي نيست، بلكه تمامي افراد مي بايست از ضرورت آن ها آگاه شده و به آن عمل كنند. علاوه بر اين، فرهنگ ايمني و جو ايمني مناسب نه تنها موجب بهبود سطح ايمني شده، بلكه در تحقق اهداف تجاري نيزموثر است. لازم به ذكر است كه سازمان هاي گوناگون داراي فرهنگ و جو ايمني متفاوتي هستند. به منظور بهبود سطح فرهنگ و جو ايمني مي بايست سطح فعلي فرهنگ ايمني و جو ايمني سنجيده و معين گردد. همچنين سطح مورد نظر فرهنگ و جو ايمني مشخص شود و در نهايت طرح ريزي و پياده سازي فرهنگ ايمني و جو ايمني به منظور دستيابي به سطح دلخواه اجرا گردد. در مطالعات و تحقيقات نخست، مفهوم فرهنگ ايمني بايد تبيين و تعريف شود تا افراد در جريان موارد نيازمند بهبود قرار گيرند. دوم اينكه سطح موجود فرهنگ ايمني و مناطق مشكل دار نيز بايد شناسايي شود تا نقطه شروع فرآيند بهبود مشخص شود. از آنجايي كه تعيين سطح فرهنگ ايمني دشوار و زمان بر است، ارزيابي جو ايمني كه نشانگري از فرهنگ ايمني است رايج تر مي باشد.

Safety culture and safety climate are concepts that have attracted the attention of many researchers and safety experts in industries, because safety culture and a suitable safety climate are considered to be the most important factors in achieving a safe work environment and in an organization that has Safety culture and safety atmosphere should be appropriate, safety in work activities and safe conditions of processes and equipment is the main goal of all employees. Preparing and communicating safety instructions, methods and procedures alone is not enough, but all people should be aware of their necessity and follow them. In addition, safety culture and proper safety climate not only improves the safety level, but is also effective in achieving business goals. It should be noted that different organizations have different safety cultures and climates. In order to improve the level of safety culture and climate, the current level of safety culture and safety climate should be measured and determined. Also, the desired level of safety culture and climate should be determined and finally planning and implementation of safety culture and safety climate should be implemented in order to achieve the desired level. In the first studies and researches, the concept of safety culture should be explained and defined so that people are aware of things that need improvement. Second, the existing level of safety culture and problematic areas should also be identified in order to determine the starting point of the improvement process. Since it is difficult and time-consuming to determine the level of safety culture, the assessment of safety climate, which is an indicator of safety culture, is more common.