Developing a novel biosensing system and investigation of interactions of acarbose with normal and glycated human serum albumin

Tracking blood sugar, glycated human serum albumin (GHSA) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) are critical keys for the analysis and checking of blood sugar levels for diabetics [1]. Researchers have revealed that the GHSA has a higher potential as a glucose blood indicator compare to HbA1c for patients with changing of blood sugar content, patients hospitalized for a short-term, and the pregnant women with hyperglycemia [2,3]. The methods for GHSA determination are including chromatography and immunology assays, Raman spectroscopy, capillary electrophoresis, and refractive index. Novel methods should be developed because these conventional methods are limited by time and cost. Hence, in this study, we tried to develop a novel method for GHSA determination using chemometric modeling of the experimental data in the presence of GHSA and human serum albumin (HSA) based on their binding with acarbose. The interactions of acarbose with GHSA and HSA was investigated by chemometric assisted electrochemical and spectroscopic methods. Afterwards, by recording second-order differential pulse voltammetric data, a monitoring system was developed for GHSA determination in the presence of HSA based on their binding with acarbose. The modified electrode was able to detect GHSA and HSA in linear ranges of 0.07-10 mg/mL, and 0.08-10 mg/mL respectively. Also, this method was successful of GHSA determination in spiked samples. Furthermore, the sensor response to GHSA was recorded during one month which confirmed 95% stability of the developed method.