بررسي كاربرد گياهان دارويي در فضاي سبز شهري با تاكيد بر مناطق گرم و خشك جنوب

Investigating the use of medicinal plants in urban green spaces with emphasis on hot and dry areas in the south of the country

فضاهاي سبز شهري به عنوان ريه هاي تنفسي شهر به شمار مي روند. ﻣﻨﻈﻮر از ﻓﻀﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮي، ﻧﻮﻋﻲ از ﺳﻄﻮح ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي زﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﻬﺮي ﺑﺎ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻫﺎي ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ اﻧﺴﺎن ﺳﺎﺧﺖ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻢ واﺟﺪ ﺑﺎزدﻫﻲ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ و ﻫﻢ واﺟﺪ ﺑﺎزدﻫﻲ اﻛﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻚ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ زﻧﺪه ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﺷﻬﺮ اﺳﺖ. كاشت گياهان داروئي در فضاي سبز امكان آشنايي و افزايش آگاهي هاي اجتماعي، نسبت به اين گياهان را فراهم مي كند. ارزش ﮔﺬاري و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﺪن ﻧﻘﺶ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن داروﺋﻲ در ﭘﻴﺸﺒﺮد اﻫﺪاف ﻣﻠﻲ و دﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻴﺎر ﻫﺎي ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ و ﻧﺸﺎط ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ، ﺧﻮد ﻛﻔﺎﻳﻲ، اﻳﺠﺎد اﺷﺘﻐﺎل، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ، اﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﻏﺬاﻳﻲ و ﺣﻔﻆ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ ژﻧﺘﻴﻜﻲ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪار اﻣﺮي اﺟﺘﻨﺎب ﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮ اﺳﺖ. همچنين اختصاص فضاي سبز محيط هاي آموزشي به كشت گياهان دارويي، زمينه براي تحقيق در جنبه هاي مختلف گياهان دارويي را ممكن مي سازد. از جمله گياهان دارويي كه در توسعه فضاي سبز شهري مورد استفاده قرار گرفته، مي توان از مورد معطر، رزماري، اسطوخودوس، ختمي، گل سرخ، گاوزبان، هميشه بهار و مانند آنها نام برد. ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي داروﺋﻲ ﺑﻮﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ كمبود آب و ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻧﺎﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺧﺎك را تحمل كنند در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ شهري ﺿﺮورﺗﻲ اﺟﺘﻨﺎب ﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮ است. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن دارويي در ﻓﻀﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮي با توجه به ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﺋﻲ اﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ و اﺣﻮال ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﻣﻨاطق گرم جنوب كشور تدوين شده است.

Urban green spaces are considered as breathing lungs of the city. The meaning of urban green space is a type of urban land use level with human-made vegetation covers, which is both socially effective and ecologically efficient, and as a living morphological factor of the city. Planting medicinal plants in the green space provides the possibility of getting to know and increasing social awareness about these plants. Valuing and recognizing the vital role of medicinal plants in advancing national goals and achieving global standards in the direction of researching health and community activity, self-sufficiency, job creation, economic development, environment, food security and Preservation of genetic resources from the point of view of sustainable development management is essential. It is unavoidable. Also, allocating the green space of educational environments to the cultivation of medicinal plants makes it possible to research various aspects of medicinal plants. Among the medicinal plants that have been used in the development of urban green spaces, we can mention aromatic, rosemary, lavender, marshmallow, rose flower, borage, always spring and others like them. Knowing indigenous medicinal species that can tolerate water shortage and unfavorable soil quality is an unavoidable necessity in the design of urban green space. The current research was compiled with the aim of investigating and studying the use of medicinal plants in the urban green space with regard to the climatic ability and cultural conditions of the warm southern regions of the country.