Effect of nanofluids on Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer over a Permeable Shrinking Sheet with Partial Slip

Abstract In this research the steady, laminar flow of an incompressible viscous nanofluids using different types of nanoparticles over a shrinking permeable sheet with constant temperature is examined. With using similarity transformation the general governing partial differential equations (Navier-Stokes equations) are transformed into a set of couple ordinary differential equations (ODE) and then are solved numerically. Numerical solutions of the similarity equations are obtained using Matlab software with shooting method and BVP solver. Three different types of nanoparticles, Cu, Al2O3, and TiO2 are considered by using base fluid with Prandtl number Pr = 1. Although the features of the flow and heat transfer characteristics for different values of nanoparticle volume fraction ϕ and Prandtl number are analyzed and discussed. The results show that the nanoparticles change considerably both the skin friction coefficient and the heat transfer rate at the surface. The nanoparticles increase the skin friction coefficient and reduce the heat transfer rate at the surface from the base condition (ϕ=0), (Figures 1 and 2). It is found that nanoparticles with low thermal conductivity, TiO2, have better heat transfer rate compared to Cu and Al2O3