Author/Authors :
Yıldız, Taner Ondokuz Mayıs University - Samsun Vocational School - Agricultural Machinery Program, Turkey
Abstract :
This study was conducted to determine the effects of nuts per cluster (NPC) and fruit stem lengths (FSL) on the fruit detachment force/husky hazelnut fruit weight (FDF/HFW) ratio in a hazelnut cultivar (Yomra cv.) at the different maturity times of fruit ripening (MTFR). In total, 63 hazelnut limbs allocated randomly into 21 experimental groups in a 3*7 factorial arrangements to evaluate the effect of maturity times of fruit ripening (MTFR), NPC and MTFR*NPC interaction on FSL, the fruit detachment force (FDF), husky fruit weight and FDF to W ratio. Three different maturity times of fruit ripening were determined for measurement the FSL, fruit detachment forces and husky hazelnut weights. The first maturity time was chosen as August 28^th which is indicating the approximately half of the matured hazelnuts (immediately at beginning of maturity, no delay, IH). The second maturity time (September 7^th) includes the term which nearly all the hazelnuts were matured (10 d delay, 10DM). The natural fruit dropping time (September 15^th) was evaluated as third maturity time (18 d delay, 18DM). NPC were classified as single, double, triple, four, five, six and seven nuts per cluster. The FDF of IH were higher (P=0.016) than that of 18DM, while the FDF to W ratio of IH was higher (P 0.001) than that of 10DM and 18DM. The increase in NPC was increased dramatically the FDF and HFW (P 0.001), but decreased the FDF to W ratio. The seven nuts per husky had higher FDF and HFW values compared to other NPC, wher eas the single nut per cluster had lower the FDF and HFW values, and higher values the FDF to HFW ratio compared to triple, four, five and six nuts per cluster. The relationships between the NPC or FSL and other studied variables were significant. In conclusion, to delay the MTFR decreased the FDF and the increase in NPC improved the FDF and HFW and as a result decreased the FDF to W ratio in hazelnut Yomra cv. fruit detachment force, husky fruit weight, maturity time of fruit ripening
NaturalLanguageKeyword :
Fruit removal , Fruit trees , Hazelnut , Mechanical , harvesting , Mechanical shakers , Shaking parameters
