مرکز منطقه ای اطلاع رساني علوم و فناوري - VASOVAGAL REACTIONS OF BLOOD DONATION AND IMPROVING THE SAFETY:CURRENT RESEARCH

Abstract :

Whole blood donation is considered safe, but occasionally adverse reactions of varying severitymay occur during or at the end of the blood collection. Vasovagal reaction is a very common adversevents related to blood donation. A vasovagal reaction is a general feeling of discomfort andweakness with anxiety, dizziness and nausea, which may progress to loss of consciousness. Thevasovagal reaction is caused by the parasympathetic nervous system, which can be furtheraugmented by psychological factors, and the volume of blood removed causing relativehypovolemia. The symptoms of vasovagal reaction range from light headache and dizziness to fulloutfainting. Site of donation, demographic factors, first time versus repeated donors, volume ofblood collected, psychological factors are some factors affecting frequency of vasovagal reactions.Experience of vasovagal symptoms during blood donation significantly reduces the change ofsubsequent donation. Predonation hydration, leg crossing and applied muscle tension duringdonation, and nutritional salt supplementation are techniques that reduce the occurence ofvasovagal symptoms. The safety of blood donor is of prime importance. Nurses can contribute topreventing syncope in those who are at high risk for it. Individuals suffering from vasovagalsyncope previously, should educate about avoidance from triggers such as inadequate fluid intakeat the hot times, exercise in a warm environment. To recognizing the preliminary findings ofindividuals should obtained and when these feel these findings should been extended to a place orcoughing briefly can recommended. In this way brain perfusion continuity can be achieved. When apatients reports dizziness or is at risk of syncope, assess fluid volume status and check the pulse forirregulatories. In this article symptoms of vasovagal reaction occurring during blood donation,signs and symptoms, and the practices which would help to prevent them have been presented.