Effet du régime alimentaire sur les potentialités laitières des bovins en régions sahariennes: cas de la région Ghardaïa (Algérie)

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In order to study the impact of diet on the milk potential of dairy cattle in the Saharan context, 83 dairy farms (2150 dairy cows)were surveyed about farm characteristics, feeding practices and milk performance. The results showed the existing of 09 dietswith dominance of diets D6, D5 and D2 which indicate the dependance of half of the farms studied on feed concentrate. Averagemilk yield is 6117 kg/cow/year,which is negatively affected respectively by quantities of UFL required for the production of onekg of milk UFLT/PLR (r = -0.74) and UFL[C]/PLR(r = -0.58). on the other hand, milk yield was positively correlated with greenforage area (SF/UGB) (r = 0.3), farm size (SAU (r = 0.26), nutrient intake (PDI/UFL) (r = 0,41 ) and to the amount of ingesteddry matter (MST) (r = 0.56). The amount of concentrate consumed was 5.25 ton/cow/year of which the proportion of concentratesaccording to Part[c]/MST, Part[c]/UFLT and Part[c]/PDIT were respectively 65.1%, 74.8% and 81.2%. The cost of milk productionwas negatively correlated with SF (r = -0.5), number of cows (r = -0.35), PDI/UFL ratio (r = -0.55) and milk yield (r = -0.52).

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Concentrate , Saharan context , performance , dietary practices , dairy cow

Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires

329

Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires