Title :
Poynting vector and the physical meaning of nonactive powers
Author :
Emanuel, Alexander E.
Author_Institution :
Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., Worcester Polytech. Inst., MA, USA
Abstract :
This paper explains how the disputed energy oscillations associated with nonactive powers can be attributed to electromagnetic waves that travel back and forth between the transmission line\´s sending and receiving ends. Such waves "hug" the conductors and dwell in the dielectric that surrounds the conductors. The propagation of these energy waves and the density of their rate of flow may be observed with the help of the Poynting Vector. This approach, based on the electromagnetic fields theory, explains the true physical mechanism of energy propagation in power systems and helps to interpret correctly the power expressions in three-phase systems.
Keywords :
electromagnetic oscillations; power transmission lines; transmission line theory; transmission network calculations; Poynting vector; disputed energy oscillations; electromagnetic fields theory; electromagnetic waves; energy flow; energy waves propagation; flow rate; nonactive powers; power definitions; power measurement; power systems; three-phase systems; transmission line; Conductors; Economic forecasting; Electromagnetic measurements; Electromagnetic propagation; Electromagnetic scattering; Instruments; Power engineering and energy; Power generation economics; Reactive power; Voltage; Energy flow; power definitions and measurement;
Journal_Title :
Instrumentation and Measurement, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TIM.2005.851420