DocumentCode :
1007832
Title :
Coupling efficiencies in reflective self-organized lightwave network (R-SOLNET) simulated by the beam propagation method
Author :
Yoshimura, T. ; Hori, A. ; Yoshida, Y. ; Arai, Y. ; Kurokawa, H. ; Namiki, T. ; Asama, K.
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electron. & Bioelectron.s, Tokyo Univ. of Technol., Japan
Volume :
17
Issue :
8
fYear :
2005
Firstpage :
1653
Lastpage :
1655
Abstract :
The reflective self-organized lightwave network (R-SOLNET) enables the formation of self-aligned waveguides in the photorefractive (PR) material between misaligned optical devices by introducing a write beam. The incident write beam from one device and the reflected write beam from the second device induce self-focusing in the PR material and construct a coupling waveguide. A wavelength filter on the waveguide edge is used to facilitate the reflected beam. The beam propagation method reveals that R-SOLNET exhibits higher coupling efficiencies and better tolerances than the one-beam-writing SOLNET and the free-space coupling. The apparent usefulness of R-SOLNET is remarkable for gaps wider than 100 μm in 8-μm-wide waveguide circuits. For 240-μm gap, coupling efficiency better than 50% can be achieved even when the lateral misalignment is as large as 4 μm. The results indicate that R-SOLNET may be useful for vertical waveguide constructions of optical z-connections in three-dimensional intrachip optical interconnects and switching systems, as well as for self-aligned optical couplings with devices that cannot emit write beams such as vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers, photodetectors, and electrooptic switches.
Keywords :
electro-optical switches; integrated optics; integrated optoelectronics; laser cavity resonators; light propagation; light reflection; optical couplers; optical interconnections; optical self-focusing; optical waveguide filters; optical waveguides; photodetectors; photorefractive materials; surface emitting lasers; beam propagation method; coupling efficiencies; coupling waveguide; electrooptic switches; lateral misalignment; misaligned optical devices; optical z-connections; photodetectors; photorefractive material; reflected beam; reflective lightwave network; self-aligned optical couplings; self-aligned waveguides; self-focusing; self-organized lightwave network; switching systems; three-dimensional intrachip optical components; vertical waveguide constructions; vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers; wavelength filter; write beam; Coupling circuits; Optical coupling; Optical devices; Optical filters; Optical interconnections; Optical materials; Optical propagation; Optical waveguides; Photorefractive materials; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers; Integrated optics; intrachip; optical; optical interconnect; optical waveguide; self-aligned coupling; self-organized lightwave network (SOLNET); switching system; three-dimensional (3-D);
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
1041-1135
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/LPT.2005.851908
Filename :
1471765
Link To Document :
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