High-silica single-mode optical reflection bending and intersecting waveguides

Single-mode high-silica optical reflection bending and intersecting waveguides are examined under conditions of large bending and intersecting angles (5¿90 degrees). The reflection bending waveguide shows a loss of 2 dB at the bending angle of less than 50 degrees. When the intersecting angle was 30 degrees or more, a small intersecting loss (less than 0.1 dB) and a low crosstalk (less than ¿20 dB) were attained.