Title :
Transverse-leaky-mode characteristics of ARROW VCSELs
Author :
Tee, C.W. ; Yu, S.F. ; Chen, N.S.
Author_Institution :
Sch. of Electr. & Electron. Eng., Nanyang Technol. Univ., Singapore, Singapore
fDate :
7/1/2004 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
Transverse-leaky-mode characteristics of antiresonant-reflecting-optical-waveguide (ARROW) vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are studied. It is found that the suppression of high-order transverse leaky modes in ARROW VCSELs can be deteriorated by the influence of spatial hole burning and thermal lensing effects. On the other hand, a new design rule is proposed to deduce the optimum dimensions of ARROW so that the suppression of high-order transverse leaky modes can be enhanced. Furthermore, the turn-on transient response of ARROW VCSELs is investigated. It is found that the radiation loss has significant influence on the built-up time of the first-order transverse leaky mode.
Keywords :
laser modes; optical hole burning; optical losses; semiconductor device models; semiconductor lasers; surface emitting lasers; thermal lensing; waveguide lasers; ARROW VCSEL; antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide; radiation loss; spatial hole burning; thermal lensing; transverse leaky modes; vertical cavity surface emitting lasers; Laser excitation; Laser modes; Optical losses; Optical surface waves; Optical waveguides; Semiconductor waveguides; Surface emitting lasers; Thermal lensing; Transient response; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers; ARROW; Antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide; SHB; VCSELs; mode control; multitransverse mode; semiconductor laser modeling; spatial hole burning; thermal lensing effect; vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers;
Journal_Title :
Lightwave Technology, Journal of
DOI :
10.1109/JLT.2004.831091
