Specular and nonspecular scattering from building facades

Nonspecular scattering from the facades of large buildings is dominated by windows and decorative masonry. The placement of these features is nearly periodic. As a result, scattering from these buildings takes the form of diffraction orders, rather than diffuse scattering from a randomly rough surface. Computing the scattering for many realizations of building facades allows us to average the scattering properties to achieve a single smoothed scattering coefficient that can be used to represent all of the buildings.