Unified approach to determination of modes in cylindrical cavities axisymmetrically loaded with dielectrics

Based on a variational expression, a unified approach for the determination of all modes in cylindrical cavities axisym-metrically loaded with dielectrics is presented. This approach employs one-dimensional finite-element basis functions along the r-axis, and uses a penalty term to alleviate the resulting spurious modes. Using this technique, the resonant frequencies of several cavities are calculated.