Scattering from objects submerged in unbounded and bounded oceans

We present a study of scattering from objects in a free unbounded ocean and for objects near an interface and in a waveguide. Major emphasis is on results and discussion of theoretical development is limited to the essentials. An examination of backscattered echoes is presented for elastic targets. Angular distributions are examined for all target types, as well as environments, with the exception of objects in a waveguide. In a waveguide, beamforming techniques are most appropriate for detection of objects. We also examine rigid, soft, and elastic objects that are either spheroidal or cylindrical. Aspect ratios studied range from 3:1 to 24:1, and ranges ( is wavenumber and is the length of the object) are from 3 to 120.