Passive voltage shifters for analogue signaling

This study proposes passive voltage shifters that shift the median value of an analogue signal by either a multiple or a fraction of the amplitude of the input signal in positive or negative directions. The proposed voltage shifters are powered by the input signal, making them particularly attractive for applications such as implantable devices where power is critical. The primitive configuration of the voltage shifters also makes them well suited for high-frequency applications. A detailed mathematical treatment that quantifies the principle of the voltage shifters is presented. Factors affecting the performance of the proposed voltage shifters are examined in detail.