A Dynamic Estimator for Complex Bus Voltage Determination

A fast algorithm for the dynamic estimation of complex bus voltages is described. All measurements of line power flows, bus voltage magnitudes and in many cases bus power injections, are used to perform a Kalman filtering dynamic update of the state. When the voltage magnitudes, bus power injections and past state estimates are unavailable, the algorithm is similar to the American Electric Power algorithm, proposed by, Dopazo et al. The principal feature of the new algorithm is that it requires no significant additional memory or computing time to provide the dynamic estimation facility. The static and dynamic estimators are tested with a portion of the Hydro-Quebec system consisting of fifty four 735 kV and 315 kV lines, and 7 off-nominal ratio transformers, and simulated data.