Measurements have been made of the third-order nonlinear-optical susceptibilities of gaseous infrared saturable absorbers. These coefficients are relevant to mode locking of infrared lasers such as CO
2. The measurements are in good agreement with a theory based on a four-level model of the absorber. Earlier mode-locking observations are interpreted in light of the new data. The value of the transition moment and some other parameters of SF
6are deduced from the measurements. For SF
6at

torr, the third-order nonlinear coefficient is in the range

C.m/V
3, when interacting waves differ in frequency by less than the molecular collision frequency. We find that the average dipole transition moment for SF
6near the

or

lines of CO
2is approximately 0.1-0.2 Debye. The nonlinear coefficient of CH
3F is typically three orders of magnitude smaller than that of SF
6.