Title :
A 2D smart pixel detector for time resolved protein crystallography
Author :
Beuville, E. ; Cork, C. ; Earnest, T. ; Mar, W. ; Millaud, J. ; Nygren, D. ; Padmore, H. ; Turko, B. ; Zizka, G. ; Datte, P. ; Xuong, Nguyen-Huu
Author_Institution :
Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA, USA
fDate :
6/1/1996 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
A smart pixel detector is being developed for Time Resolved Crystallography for biological and material science applications. Using the Pixel Detector presented here, the Laue method will enable the study of the evolution of structural changes that occur within the protein as a function of time. The X-ray pixellated detector is assembled to the integrated circuit through a bump bonding process. Within a pixel size of 150×150 μm2, a low noise preamplifier-shaper, a discriminator, a 3 bit counter and the readout logic are integrated. The read out, based on the Column Architecture principle, will accept hit rates above 5×108/cm2/s with a maximum hit rate per pixel of 1 MHz. This detector will allow time resolved Laue crystallography to be performed in a frameless operation mode, without dead time. Target specifications, architecture and preliminary results on the 8×8 front-end prototype and the column readout are presented
Keywords :
X-ray crystallography; X-ray detection; X-ray spectrometers; biomedical equipment; proteins; silicon radiation detectors; smart pixels; time resolved spectroscopy; 2D smart pixel detector; X-ray pixellated detector; bump bonding process; column architecture principle; discriminator; frameless operation mode; integrated circuit; low noise preamplifier-shaper; readout logic; structural changes; three bit counter; time resolved Laue crystallography; time resolved protein crystallography; Assembly; Biology; Bonding processes; Crystallography; Evolution (biology); Materials science and technology; Proteins; Smart pixels; X-ray detection; X-ray detectors;
Journal_Title :
Nuclear Science, IEEE Transactions on
