B-tree: a high-performance fault-tolerant ATM switch

A high-performance fault-tolerant ATM switch (B-tree) is proposed. This switch embeds multiple baseline networks tightly to improve the fault tolerance and throughput of conventional multistage interconnection networks. This proposed switch retains the advantages of multistage interconnection networks but is much more robust in the sense that multiple paths are available between each input-output pair. The proposed networks have properties such as very simple routing algorithms (self-routing) and that they can be recursively constructed in a modular way. Multiple paths are used to route cells under the condition that internal conflicts occur in the switching elements. The interconnection algorithm offers many access points to the output ports to resolve the output conflict. When carrying very high traffic load, the switch has an ideal performance even in the presence of fault(s) in the switch