Measurement techniques for conducted HPEM signals

High-power electromagnetic (HPEM) signals are a serious threat for modern electronic systems. Intentionally generated electromagnetic interferences might cause upsets or permanent defects in electronics, particularly in the electronics´ interface. There are numerous military and especially civil targets, which might be interesting for criminals or terrorists to interfere. Therefore, there is a need to characterize the overall problem by means of simulations and measurements. This paper discusses measurement procedures for conducted HPEM signals. The measurement of transmission line coupled HPEM signals with a steepness in the order of 10-10E14 V/s is a very challenging task. This paper discusses the state of the art in electromagnetic pulse measurements with a focus on conducted ultra wide band and RPEM signals respectively.