Title :
Optimizing a Battery Energy Storage System for Primary Frequency Control
Author :
Oudalov, Alexandre ; Chartouni, Daniel ; Ohler, Christian
Author_Institution :
ABB Switzerland Ltd., Baden
Abstract :
This paper presents a method for the dimensioning of a battery energy storage system (BESS) to provide a primary frequency reserve. Numerical simulations based on historic frequency measurements are used to determine the minimum possible capacity, i.e., the lowest possible cost, which fulfills the technical requirements of the grid code. We implement a novel control algorithm with adjustable state of charge limits and the application of emergency resistors. At current European market prices, an optimized lead-acid BESS can be a profitable utility solution for the primary frequency control.
Keywords :
energy storage; lead acid batteries; power system control; battery energy storage system; charge state limits; control algorithm; emergency resistors; lead-acid battery; primary frequency control; Batteries; Cost function; Energy storage; Frequency control; Frequency measurement; Numerical simulation; Personal communication networks; Power system interconnection; Resistors; Voltage; Ancillary service market; battery energy storage; net present value; primary frequency control;
Journal_Title :
Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TPWRS.2007.901459
