Experiments with computer-controlled displays in second-language learning

Three displays were evaluated for their effectiveness in overcoming pronunciation problems that typically confront Spanish speakers attempting to learn English. One display shows tongue location and trajectory during vowels; another similar display isolates the vowels in multisyllabic words that should be reduced; the third display shows the amount of aspiration of initial consonants and the time lapse before voicing of the succeeding vowel. Other displays are being developed for teaching a tone language to English speakers.