Title :
Penalties in long-haul optical amplifier systems due to polarization dependent loss and gain
Author :
Bruyère, F. ; Audouin, O.
Author_Institution :
Alcatel Alsthom Recherche, Marcoussis, France
fDate :
5/1/1994 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
The impact of polarization dependent gain (PDG) and polarization dependent loss (PDL) in long-haul optical amplifier systems is studied by means of a power analysis accounting for PDG, PDL and polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in the saturation regime of the erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs). System penalties are characterized in terms of mean values and standard deviations. Mean penalties on the bit-error-ratio (BER) are directly related to PDG. BER fluctuations are found to be greatly enhanced when PDG and PDL are combined. The impact of PMD is dependent on the values for PDG and PDL.<>
Keywords :
erbium; fibre lasers; light polarisation; optical dispersion; optical fibres; optical links; optical losses; BER fluctuations; EDFAs; bit-error-ratio; erbium-doped fiber amplifiers; long-haul optical amplifier systems; mean penalties; mean values; penalties; polarization dependent gain; polarization dependent loss; polarization mode dispersion; power analysis; saturation regime; standard deviations; system penalties; Bit error rate; Erbium-doped fiber amplifier; Optical amplifiers; Optical fiber amplifiers; Optical fiber losses; Optical fiber polarization; Optical saturation; Page description languages; Semiconductor optical amplifiers; Stimulated emission;
Journal_Title :
Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE
