DocumentCode
110244
Title
On Random Field Completely Automated Public Turing Test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart Generation
Author
Kouritzin, M.A. ; Newton, F. ; Biao Wu
Author_Institution
Dept. of Math. & Stat. Sci., Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Volume
22
Issue
4
fYear
2013
fDate
Apr-13
Firstpage
1656
Lastpage
1666
Abstract
Herein, we propose generating CAPTCHAs through random field simulation and give a novel, effective and efficient algorithm to do so. Indeed, we demonstrate that sufficient information about word tests for easy human recognition is contained in the site marginal probabilities and the site-to-nearby-site covariances and that these quantities can be embedded directly into certain conditional probabilities, designed for effective simulation. The CAPTCHAs are then partial random realizations of the random CAPTCHA word. We start with an initial random field (e.g., randomly scattered letter pieces) and use Gibbs resampling to re-simulate portions of the field repeatedly using these conditional probabilities until the word becomes human-readable. The residual randomness from the initial random field together with the random implementation of the CAPTCHA word provide significant resistance to attack. This results in a CAPTCHA, which is unrecognizable to modern optical character recognition but is recognized about 95% of the time in a human readability study.
Keywords
character recognition; CAPTCHA; Gibbs resampling; character recognition; human readability; human recognition; random field completely automated public turing test; random field simulation; the site-to-nearby-site covariances; CAPTCHAs; Character recognition; Markov random fields; Optical character recognition software; Image processing; Markov random field; security; simulation; statistical information compression; Computer Security; Computer Simulation; Computers; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Markov Chains; Models, Statistical; Pattern Recognition, Automated; Writing;
fLanguage
English
Journal_Title
Image Processing, IEEE Transactions on
Publisher
ieee
ISSN
1057-7149
Type
jour
DOI
10.1109/TIP.2012.2236342
Filename
6399597
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