Pilot relaying performance analysis: IEEE committee report

An analysis is conducted of the performance of pilot relay schemes under fault conditions. While it is recognized that this type of investigation can take many directions, the use of relay targets being one such avenue of inquiry, this study concentrates on performance evaluations through the application of fault recorders and sequence-of-event recorders. The specific analog and digital quantities to be monitored to provide for a correct analysis are shown. The many system and equipment phenomena and limitations, external to the pilot relaying terminal, that could affect pilot relaying performance are described. Seven basic pilot relay schemes are discussed, and, for each pilot relay scheme discussed, typical oscillograms are shown for internal and external faults to assist in the proper fault analysis of such pilot systems. Minor variations to the basic scheme are not specifically discussed, but the monitoring and performance analysis of other schemes can be handled using the principles covered