Effects of Ear Shape and Head Size on Simulated Head Exposure to a Cellular Phone

The dependence of the specific absorption rate (SAR) on ear shape and head size have been investigated using human-head and cellular-phone models. Cubical and realistic head models were used. Various ear shapes were used with the cubical head model whereas a low-loss thin ear or a lossy realistic ear was used with the realistic head models. The SAR distribution depends significantly on the shape of the ear, regardless of the head model. The effects of the head size have been investigated using a 90th-percentile head model and a Japanese-average head model. The head size has considerably less effect than the ear shape. The measurement results have been validated by numerical calculation, and support the use of the specific anthropomorphic mannequin (SAM) standard head model.