Application of the Josephson effect to voltage metrology

Author

Benz, Samuel P. ; Hamilton, Clark A.

Author_Institution

Electromagn. Technol. Div., Nat. Inst. of Stand. & Technol., Boulder, CO, USA

Volume

92

Issue

10

fYear

2004

Firstpage

1617

Lastpage

1629

Abstract

The unique ability of a Josephson junction to control the flow of magnetic flux quanta leads to a perfect relationship between frequency and voltage. Over the last 30 years, metrology laboratories have used this effect to greatly improve the accuracy of dc voltage standards. More recent research is focused on combining the ideas of digital signal processing with quantum voltage pulses to achieve similar gains in ac voltage metrology. The integrated circuits that implement these ideas are the only complex superconducting electronic devices that have found wide commercial application.

Keywords

Josephson effect; magnetic flux; measurement standards; superconducting integrated circuits; superconducting junction devices; voltage measurement; Josephson effect; Josephson junction; complex superconducting electronic devices; dc voltage standards; digital signal processing; integrated circuits; magnetic flux flow control; magnetic flux quanta; quantum voltage pulses; voltage metrology; Application specific integrated circuits; Digital signal processing; Frequency; Josephson effect; Josephson junctions; Laboratories; Magnetic flux; Metrology; Superconducting integrated circuits; Voltage control; Digital–analog conversion; Josephson arrays; quantization; standards;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Proceedings of the IEEE

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0018-9219

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/JPROC.2004.833671

Filename

1335552