Probabilistic neural-network-based protection of power transformer

An optimal probabilistic neural network (PNN) as a core classifier for fault detection and status indication of a power transformer has been presented. In this scheme, various operating conditions of a transformer are distinguished using signatures of the differential currents. The proposed differential protection scheme is implemented through two different structures of PNN, that is, one having one output and the other having five outputs. The developed algorithm is found to be stable against external fault, magnetising inrush, sympathetic inrush and over-excitation conditions for which relay operation is not required. For the test data of fault, it is found to operate successfully. The performance of proposed PNN and classical artificial neural network (ANN) has been compared. For evaluation of the developed algorithm, relaying signals for various operating conditions of a transformer are obtained by modelling the transformer in PSCAD/EMTDC. The algorithms are implemented using MATLAB. The results show the capability of PNN in terms of classification accuracy and speed in comparison to classical ANNs.