Effects of the measuring circuit on broadband piezo and pyroelectric measurements

Broadband dielectric measurements often are made under conditions approximating open or short circuit conditions by choosing the source and amplifier impedances such that the input time constant is either very short or very long compared to the time scales (frequency bandwidth) of the events measured. The time-domain equations expressing the relationship between the ideally desired open circuit voltage (or short circuit current) and the actually measured voltage (or current) are examined for a simple model circuit and are generalized for circuits with an arbitrary number of loops. A general data treatment procedure for calculating the desired responses (open circuit voltage or short circuit currents) is suggested and is illustrated in a simple case. Time-domain calibration methods are discussed also