Quantum theory of an internally phase-modulated laser - I

A rigorous quantum-mechanical treatment of the internally phase-modulated laser is performed in terms of traveling-wave modes of the quantized electromagnetic field. A detailed treatment of the modulation process is consistent not only with the phase-locked and FM behavior of the laser, but also describes the external (to the laser cavity) frequency shifting of phase-locked light and single-frequency ("super-mode") operation of the FM laser.