Low cost video scaler and gray scale integrator

A hybrid digital/analog device capable of making high-resolution linear and area measurements from a standard monochromatic video image is described. The device is capable of dynamic as well as static data acquisition when used in conjunction with standard NTSC video recording equipment. Digital output allows for computer interfacing. Linear dimensions are obtained by electronically superimposing two horizontal and two vertical scaling lines on a video monitor. Each linear dimension has an eight-bit resolution and is displayed on the front panel with seven segment LEDs. Eight-bit, digital-to-analog converters are also used to provide analog outputs. A measurement of the temporal deformation pattern of the accessory capsule surrounding a mechanoreceptor (Pacinian corpuscles) in response to vibratory displacements is demonstrated. Area measurements are obtained via a window comparator, a 6 MHz clock, and a 16-bit digital-to-analog converter. Data is only valid within the zone set by the scaling lines, allowing data regions to be isolated from noise, etc. The 16-bit digital signal measuring the area of interest is then converted for analog output. The measurement of the consensual pupillary reflex in response to full-field illumination (Ganzfeld) is given as an example.