Title :
Electrical Properties of Rat Skin and Design of Implantable Antennas for Medical Wireless Telemetry
Author :
Karacolak, Tutku ; Cooper, Robert ; Topsakal, Erdem
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Mississippi State Univ., Starkville, MS, USA
Abstract :
The design and test is described of a small size dual band implantable antenna operating in Medical Implant Communications Service (MICS) (402 MHz-405 MHz) and Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) (2.4 GHz-2.48 GHz) bands to be used in animal studies for medical research. The antenna is intended for wireless medical monitoring of the physiological parameters such as glucose, pressure, temperature, etc. First, the electrical properties (epsivr and sigma) of skin samples from donor rats are measured at Mississippi State University´s (MSU) College of Veterinary Medicine. A dual band antenna is then designed using an in-house finite element boundary integral solver in conjunction with particle swarm optimization algorithm. Finally, the antenna is tested using both skin-mimicking materials and real skin samples. The development details of the skin-mimicking materials are also given. Results regarding the S11 and gain of the designed antenna are given and discussed in detail.
Keywords :
bioelectric phenomena; biomedical telemetry; biomimetics; boundary integral equations; finite element analysis; multifrequency antennas; particle swarm optimisation; patient monitoring; skin; ISM bands; MICS; Medical Implant Communications Service; Mississippi State University; dual band antenna; finite element boundary integral solver; frequency 2.4 GHz to 2.48 GHz; frequency 402 MHz to 405 MHz; implantable antenna; medical wireless telemetry; particle swarm optimization algorithm; physiological parameter; skin electrical property; skin-mimicking material; wireless medical monitoring; Animals; Biomedical monitoring; Communication industry; Condition monitoring; Dual band; Implants; Medical tests; Microwave integrated circuits; Skin; Telemetry; Implantable antenna; medical implant communications service (MICS) band; scientific and medical (ISM) band; skin-mimicking material;
Journal_Title :
Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TAP.2009.2027197
