Dynamic behavior of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Author

Yu, S.F.

Author_Institution

Dept. of Electr. & Electron. Eng., Hong Kong Univ., Hong Kong

Volume

32

Issue

7

fYear

1996

fDate

7/1/1996 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

1168

Lastpage

1179

Abstract

A quasi-three-dimensional dynamic model of index-guided vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers is developed. Detailed structure of Bragg reflectors and lateral optical confinement are considered into the model. A three-dimensional waveguide problem is reduced to one dimension by using the effective-index method. The dynamic response of optical field is solved by the time-domain algorithm. In addition, the lateral variation of carrier concentration, refractive index, and spontaneous-emission profile are also determined in a self consistent manner. Using this model, the influence of carrier transport and hot carriers on the dynamic behavior of vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers is studied. It is found that these nonlinearities have significant influence on the relaxation-oscillation frequency and modulation bandwidth of the devices

Keywords

carrier density; distributed Bragg reflector lasers; dynamic response; dynamics; hot carriers; laser cavity resonators; laser theory; nonlinear optics; refractive index; semiconductor device models; semiconductor lasers; surface emitting lasers; Bragg reflectors; carrier concentration; carrier transport; dynamic behavior; dynamic response; effective-index method; hot carriers; index-guided vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers; lateral optical confinement; lateral variation; modulation bandwidth; nonlinearities; optical field; quasi-three-dimensional dynamic model; refractive index; relaxation-oscillation frequency; self consistent manner; spontaneous-emission profile; three-dimensional waveguide problem; time-domain algorithm; vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers; Carrier confinement; Laser modes; Optical refraction; Optical surface waves; Optical variables control; Optical waveguides; Stimulated emission; Surface emitting lasers; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers; Waveguide lasers;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0018-9197

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/3.517017

Filename

517017