Origin of the electrocardiogram

In this review, the authors examine the source of the electric field and the physics relating to some common abnormalities in the ECG. They also look at the use of three dimensional modeling in unravelling the potential fields within the thorax. Initially, the authors refer the reader to an excellent recent text, which includes detailed discussion of the physics of the origin of the electrocardiogram (P.W. Macfurlane and T.D.V. Lawie eds., Comprehensive electrocardiography; theory and practice in health and disease, vol.1, Oxford, Pergamon Press, 1989); and a list of key references that will provide significant information (J. Holneau, Circulation, vol. 64, no. 1, p. 208-13, 1981).<>