Voltage induced on a test distribution line by negative winter lightning strokes to a tall structure

Simultaneous measurements of lightning-induced voltages and lightning currents are presented and subject to analysis. The lightning current was measured at the top of a 200-m high stack by a current shunt. In the analysis, both the transmission-line model (TLM) and traveling current-source model (TCSM) of a return stroke are tested, taking account of reflection and refraction of the lightning current waves at the top and bottom of the stack. Analysis shows that the measured induced voltages on a test distribution line were influenced by finite ground conductivity. Agreement of measured induced-voltage waveforms with calculations demonstrates the validity of the adopted models of the stack and the lightning stroke. Both TLM and TCSM turn out to be useful in predicting induced voltage associated with a negative lightning stroke to a tall structure in winter.