The Lorentz gauge vector potential formulation for the boundary integral equation method

The boundary integral equation method is based on either the Poisson equation (for static problems) or the Helmholtz equation (for dynamic problems). For 3D eddy current calculations using the BIEM, the Lorentz gauge is most suitable since the Maxwell equations reduce to the Helmholtz equations under the Lorentz gauge. In this paper, the Lorentz gauge magnetic vector potential formulation, which yields a unique solution to the problem considered, is presented and numerically tested. It may be concluded from the computed results that the Lorentz gauge formulation and the Coulomb gauge formulation give almost the same computational accuracy, and the former is superior to the latter in terms of computation time and easiness of computer coding