The Scattering Matrix: Normalized to Complex n-Port Load Networks

The scattering matrix is normalized to complex n-port loads, and some of the elementary properties of this generalized scattering matrix are discussed. The normalized scattering matrix is obtained in a straightforward manner from both the current-basis and voltage-basis scattering matrices. These matrices are presented from the intuitively attractive viewpoint of measures of the deviation of actual circuit behavior from optimal circuit behavior. The optimal matching condition employed is the specialization to the timeinvariant case of that obtained for complex, time-varying n-port networks excited by arbitrary waveforms.