Title :
Optimum decoding and detection of multiplicative watermarks
Author :
Barni, Mauro ; Bartolini, Franco ; De Rosa, Alessia ; Piva, Alessandro
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Inf. Eng., Univ. of Siena, Italy
fDate :
4/1/2003 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
This work addresses the problem of optimum decoding and detection of a multibit, multiplicative watermark hosted by Weibull-distributed features: a situation which is classically encountered for image watermarking in the magnitude-of-DFT domain. As such, this work can be seen as an extension of the system described in a previous paper, where the same problem is addressed for the case of 1-bit watermarking. The theoretical analysis is validated through Monte Carlo simulations. Although the structure of the optimum decoder/detector is derived in the absence of attacks, some experimental results are also presented, giving a measure of the overall robustness of the watermark when attacks are present.
Keywords :
Monte Carlo methods; Weibull distribution; data encapsulation; decoding; discrete Fourier transforms; image coding; watermarking; Monte Carlo simulations; Weibull-distributed features; decoding; detection; image watermarking; magnitude-of-DFT domain; multibit multiplicative watermark; optimum decoder/detector; Channel coding; Data mining; Detectors; Digital images; Face detection; Maximum likelihood decoding; Maximum likelihood estimation; Probability density function; Robustness; Watermarking;
Journal_Title :
Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TSP.2003.809371